In an impressive feat of engineering, Shanghai authorities have successfully moved a 7,500-ton traditional shikumen-style building complex using an advanced system of 432 hydraulic-powered robots. The complex was relocated at a pace of 10 meters per day to make space for new developments while preserving the city’s cultural heritage. The innovative transportation method, dubbed ‘PATAS’ robóticas, represents a significant achievement in urban engineering.
The project aimed to preserve the historic buildings, characterized by their stone-framed doorways and enclosed courtyards, while allowing for modern urban planning in the bustling city. The relocation was part of the revitalization of the 140-year-old Zhangyuan district, home to Shanghai’s largest and most well-preserved collection of Shikumen architecture. The Huayanli complex, built in the 1920s–1930s, was temporarily moved to facilitate the construction of a three-story underground structure, including cultural and commercial zones, a parking facility, and a transport hub connecting several metro lines.
Due to the dense layout of historic structures in the area, traditional construction tools were deemed impractical. Instead, specialized drilling and earth-moving robots were developed to operate in narrow spaces, some as tight as 3.93 feet (1.2 meters).
Shanghai’s shikumen preservation effort underway
These robots, equipped with folding arms, played a crucial role in the foundation work. Advanced technology, such as deep learning AI, building information modeling (BIM), and point cloud scanning, was employed to plan and execute the move efficiently. Engineers created detailed 3D models to plan collision-free routes and efficient soil transport paths.
A conveyor-belt system was also installed to minimize disruption during soil removal. The homecoming move began on May 19, with the 432 miniature robotic walkers positioned beneath the foundation, allowing the complex to “walk” steadily back to its original location. The journey was completed on June 7.
Once the underground construction is finished, the renewed Zhangyuan complex will integrate above-ground historical preservation with modern underground facilities, effectively linking the area to surrounding high-rises, shopping areas, and neighborhoods. This remarkable project showcases the successful blend of technology and heritage preservation, ensuring that Shanghai’s unique architectural style remains a part of the city’s urban landscape while accommodating the needs of a modern metropolis.
